The South African geranium ( Pelargonium sidoides ), also known as the black geranium or Cape pelargonium, is an herb long used in South African traditional medicine. Coastal plants: a guide to the identification and restoration of plants of the Perth region [ed. Another source places this introduction a full century earlier in 1609, when a shipment apparently arrived from South Africa’s Cape colony to the Netherlands, but this is unlikely (Loewer, 2004). Edinburgh, UK: Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. Greensboro, North Carolina, USA: National Plant Data Team. http://tropicos.org/Project/CV. Boca Raton, Florida, USA: CRC Press, 749 pp. Gardening advice for Pelargonium (geraniums). The attachment on the seeds of P. capitatum, for example, reportedly will essentially drill and secure the seed into soil if twisted by the wind or affected by movement of animals, and this species is considered one of the most widespread and naturally invasive of coastal weeds in the Perth region of Australia (Dixon, 2011; Western Australian Herbarium, 2014). 2: 424 1789. Loewer HP, 2004. Pelargonium graveolens is an evergreen Shrub growing to 1.2 m (4ft) by 0.8 m (2ft 7in) at a medium rate. Free and Open Access to Biodiversity Data. There has been much confusion in the literature surrounding the genera of Pelargonium and Geranium. https://plants.sc.egov.usda.gov, Vascular Plants of Antioquia, 2014. P. zonale is native to South Africa but is a common ornamental flowering plant in various parts of the world today. P. zonale is the parent of many, if not most, ornamental hybrids, such as the popular P. x hortum, the common garden pelargonium (Miller, 1996; SANBI, 2014). Ivy, or hanging, geraniums (P. peltatum) are grown as basket plants indoors and out; they are also used as ground covers in warm areas. In the USA, P. zonale has been present in cultivation since at least the time of Thomas Jefferson’s presidency (1801-1809), as he had the plant growing at both the White House and his home in Virginia, Monticello (Loewer, 2004). Data source for updated system data added to species habitat list. and in colder areas must be grown indoors. Without any use of PGR’s, Red Explosion is recommended for warmer cultivation on benches. Jepson Flora Project: Jepson Interchange for California Floristics. The aromatic, or scented-leaved, geraniums are found in… Watch Queue Queue In the 16th century, Pelargonium seeds were transported from Africa to Leiden in the Netherlands, where the plant was grown in the botanical garden there. St. Louis, Missouri and Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA: Missouri Botanical Garden and Harvard University Herbaria. © Copyright 2020 CAB International. TO S C A N A ® Zonale. The primary reason for this species’ spread to tropical regions around the world is for use as an ornamental flowering plant in botanical gardens, homes, and estates, and it was for this reason P. zonale has been used as a parent species in breeding programs across Europe and America since the eighteenth century (Walt, 1977; Miller, 1996; SANBI, 2014). See beautiful Pelargonium varieties here! These hybrids are usually referred to by the common name "zonal geranium". http://tropicos.org/Project/IPCN, ITIS, 2014. New York, USA: Charles Scribner's Sons. Kress WJ; Defilipps RA; Farr E; Kyi DYY, 2003. No information was found for methods of prevention and control of this species, as it has not been reported to be usually problematic. Its stems are succulent, hairy when young and becoming woody with age. Some even have scented leaves. Members of the Pelargonium genus can disperse their small seeds by wind, water, and soil. Monoclamídeas.) Brocade Cherry Night. Mechanicsburg, PA, USA: Stackpole Books, 260 pp. The species name zonale is derived from the Latin word ‘zona’, meaning ‘banded’ or ‘with a girdle’, referring to the horseshoe marking found on its leaves (Stearn, 1992; Miller,1996; SANBI, 2014). – rodzaj bylin lub półkrzewów z rodziny bodziszkowatych.Liczy około 200 –250 gatunków roślin pochodzących głównie z Afryki Południowej (występuje tam 125 gatunków tego rodzaju). The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs). Papers overview. Often grown as annuals, they produce flowers of breathtaking beauty over a long season. Española de Hist. Bolivia Checklist, 2014. Watch Queue Queue. http://www.pfaf.org. Anales de la Sociedad Española de Historia Natural, 12:103-130. Registered herbal medicines containing pelargonium are used today to relieve symptoms of upper respiratory tract infections such as the common cold based on traditional use only. The leaves are large, smooth or textured, fairly crisp and usually with a pale to dark horseshoe-shaped mark which is a characteristic of this species. Kress WJ, Defilipps RA, Farr E, Kyi DYY, 2003. The PLANTS Database. Due to the variable regulations around (de)registration of pesticides, your national list of registered pesticides or relevant authority should be consulted to determine which products are legally allowed for use in your country when considering chemical control. Baton Rouge, USA: National Plant Data Center. 2014, http://botany.si.edu/Antilles/WestIndies/catalog.htm, http://tropicos.org/NameSearch.aspx?projectid=13, http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/invasive/weeds/publications/guidelines/alert/p-alchemilloides.html, http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/interchange/index.html, http://www.cabi.org/isc/FullTextPDF/2013/20133109119.pdf, https://www.rhs.org.uk/advice/profile?PID=338, https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomysearch.aspx, https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomysimple.aspx, http://botany.si.edu/antilles/WestIndies/catalog.htm, http://botany.si.edu/pacificislandbiodiversity/micronesia/, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, ‘alien’, ‘not established’ in mainland Italy, Sardinia, Sicily, Protected agriculture (e.g. South African National Biodiversity Institute plant information website., South Africa: Kirstenbosch National Botanical Garden, South African National Biodiversity Institute. Sturdy and vigorous, this heirloom Zonal Geranium is perfect for borders and containers. Primera parte.) European Invasive Alien Species Gateway. They look so great in pots and window boxes, and they are one of the most popular container plants. Alien plant invasions in native ecosystems of Hawai'i: Management and Research. The distinctly irregular flowers are borne in a typically umbel-like inflorescence (Walt, 1977; Miller, 1996; SANBI, 2014). Suitable for: light (sandy) and medium (loamy) soils and prefers well-drained soil. Risk of introduction for this species appears to be low, as it has been imported to Europe and other parts of the world for some time and has not yet been reported to be a high threat. Flora Europaea. Presumably after 1700 the species was accidentally introduced to the wild in Spain and France where it was being grown as an ornamental, and it has since become established in parts of both countries (DAISIE, 2014). Berkeley, USA: University of California. Kew. This species, when hybidized with closely related species, has yielded a group of hybrid plants referred to as Pelargonium x hortorum. (Apuntes para la flora de Puerto Rico. Flora of Puerto Rico and adjacent islands: a systematic synopsis, 2nd edition revised., San Juan, Puerto Rico: La Editorial, University of Puerto Rico. The species remained popular throughout eighteenth century Europe, and in 1801 Rembrandt portrayed his botanist brother Rubens holding a large geranium in a terracotta pot. Perth, Australia: Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia, 1124 pp. Liogier HA; Martorell LF, 2000. It is hardy to zone (UK) 9 and is frost tender. The species was not included in Macfadyen’s work on Jamaica (1837), Bello’s work on Puerto Rico (1881; 1883), or Britton and Millspaugh’s Bahama Flora (1920). The petals are narrow and a bright, deep pink, with reddish lines along the petals' length. The genus Geranium was originally described by Linnaeus in 1753 but was then divided into Pelargonium and Geranium by Charles L’Héritier in 1789, and many species from both genera have retained the name ‘geranium’ in their vernacular names. In Puerto Rico, P. zonale is known to have escaped from cultivation, and is considered weedy in the Mediterranean (Liogier and Martorell, 2000; Randall, 2012). P. zonale is widely distributed in its native South Africa, and is reported to be cultivated as an ornamental in various parts of the world including Bolivia, Colombia, Myanmar, various parts of Europe, parts of the West Indies, and the United States (Wiersema and Leon, 1999; Kress et al., 2003; Acevedo-Rodriguez and Strong, 2012; Bolivia Checklist, 2014; Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 2014; Flora of Pakistan, 2014; ITIS, 2014; SANBI, 2014; Vascular Plants of Antioquia, 2014). Pelargonium x hortorum in pots and window boxes, and does best in where! 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